Photo-degradation and photo-mineralization of reactive brilliant orange KN-5R by nano-photocatalyst–modified 3D fabrics
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this study, ZnO, TiO 2 and ZnO/TiO 2 nano-photocatalysts (nphs) were loaded into 3-dimensional fabrics (spacer fabrics) for photo-decolorization and photo-mineralization of Reactive Brilliant Orange KN-5R (RBO KN-5R). Surface morphology and the presence of nphs on the spacer fabrics were studied utilizing SEM and FTIR, respectively. Also, the effect of main operational parameters on the decolorization efficiency was investigated and the process was optimized. Furthermore, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis was employed to scrutinize the photo-mineralization of the dye. Complete decolorization, high efficient mineralization and 90% TOC reduction were achieved in the case of ZnO/TiO 2 nphs after 120 min of UV light irradiation. Also, the kinetic analyses indicated that the photocatalytic decolorization rate followed the Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model. The results revealed that the spacer fabrics loaded with ZnO/TiO 2 nphs can be considered as an effective system for decolorization and TOC reduction of reactive dyes in textile wastewater.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it