Delay-rate-distortion optimization for cloud-based collaborative rendering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cloud rendering is emerged as a new cloud service to satisfy user's desire for running sophisticated graphics applications on thin devices. However, traditional cloud rendering approaches, both remote rendering and local rendering, have limitations. Remote rendering shifts intensive rendering tasks to cloud server and streams rendered frames to client, which suffers from high delay and bandwidth usage. Local rendering sends graphics data to client and performs rendering on local devices, which requires initial buffering delay and demands high computation capacity at client. In this paper, we propose a novel cloud based collaborative rendering framework, which adaptively integrates remote rendering and local rendering. Based on the proposed framework, we study the delay-Rate-Distortion (d-R-D) optimization problem, in which the source rates are optimally allocated for streaming encoded video frames and graphics data to minimize the overall distortion under the bandwidth and response delay constraints. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed collaborative rendering framework can effectively allocate source rates to achieve the minimal distortion compared to the traditional remote rendering and local rendering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".