Assessing the View From Bottom: How to Measure Socioeconomic Position and Relative Deprivation in Adolescents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Assessments of socioeconomic position (SEP) and relative deprivation are important to many areas of child and adolescent research. These related constructs are typically measured using data on household income or parental education or occupation. However, because such data can be difficult to collect in youth surveys, the World Health Organisation’s Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study uses an inventory of common material assets in the home. The HBSC Family Affluence Scale is used to measure socioeconomic conditions in 11- to 15-year-olds in over 40 countries. This article examines the importance of SEP and relative deprivation to adolescent health and demonstrates simple calculations of these variables using the data from the Family Affluence Scale. We show how to transform a summation of material assets to a SEP index and apply Yitzhaki’s (1979) index of relative deprivation to material assets using schoolmates as a social comparison group. These calculations are useful to investigating the contextual determinants of health and developmental inequalities in young people and can be modified for other socioeconomic variables in and populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".