Effect of Beaded Activated Carbon Fluidization on Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research investigates the effect of adsorbent bed configuration on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) adsorption with beaded activated carbon (BAC). Five-cycle adsorption/desorption tests using a single VOC (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene) and a mixture of nine VOCs were completed using fixed and fluidized bed adsorber configurations. Adsorption tests were completed with full loading of the adsorbent. All regeneration tests were completed in the fixed bed arrangement. The adsorption capacity of the BAC was not affected by the adsorption bed’s configuration in case of reaching full breakthrough. For the VOC mixture, however, 30% less heel buildup was observed for the fluidized bed configuration. Higher accumulation of heavy adsorbates was found in fixed bed as opposed to fluidized bed, explaining the higher heel buildup in the former. On the other hand, improved mass transfer was found across the entire fluidized bed as a result of better gas-particle contact. These results show that, besides the expected engineering advantages of a fluidized bed adsorption system (e.g., lower pressure drop), decreased heel buildup is an additional advantage when using fluidized bed adsorption in industrial settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".