Sorption of Hg(II) and Zn(II) ions using lignocellulosic sorbent (date pits)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This work focuses on the study of Hg(II) and Zn(II) sorption using pristine date pits. The effect of pH is evaluated before considering the influence of both temperature and contact time on sorption efficiency. Sorption isotherms are also determined and modelled using conventional models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R) equations. The best fit was obtained with the Langmuir equation and maximum sorption capacities reached 38.5 and 52.6 mg · g −1 , for Hg(II) and Zn(II), respectively. An analysis of the temperature effect by the Gibbs equation showed that the sorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The mean free energy of sorption (obtained from D‐R equation) confirms that metal binding occurs through a chemical ion‐exchange mechanism. The kinetic profiles can be accurately fitted with the pseudo‐second order rate equation. Complementary analyses (using FTIR spectrometry and SEM‐EDX analysis) confirm that ion‐exchange is the main binding mechanism, though a contribution of surface complexation cannot be neglected.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".