Abstract 412: Saturated Fat Ingestion Impairs HDL Function in Diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that HDL cholesterol efflux may be an important determinant of atherosclerosis and CVD. We hypothesized that environmental factors such as high saturated fat diets may impair HDL cholesterol efflux, and this may be particularly relevant in conditions associated with HDL dysfunction such as uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We studied the effect of an acute ingestion of saturated fat on the HDL function and composition in diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we recruited 4 non-diabetic controls and 6 subjects with poorly controlled (T2DM). Subjects ingested a cup of whip cream and plasma was obtained fasting and 4 hours after the ingestion. We measured cholesterol efflux on ABCA1 transfected BHK cells from HDL isolated by ultracentrifugation. Plasma prebeta1 HDL was assayed by ELISA. To determine how changes in efflux might relate to HDL composition, we developed an HDL proteomics assay using Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) with 60 HDL protein targets using standard isotope peptides on isolated HDL samples. Plasma HDL-C and ApoA1 did not change significantly after the ingestion of the whip cream. The HDL efflux capacity increased in controls by two fold (P =0.05) while it decreased in T2DM by 0.6 (P=0.035). The change in efflux correlated with the change of prebeta1 HDL in controls (R2=0.88, P=0.04) and in T2DM (R2=0.86, P=0.007). Using MRM, we found that Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and complement 4 beta chain (C4b) protein content that also correlated with the change in efflux. ApoE decreased in controls (Means ±SE area ratio, Pre /Post) (94 ±11/ 70 ±1, P=0.06), and increased in T2DM (58 ±10/ 87 ±20 P=0.06) while C4b was detected after fat ingestion (0/ 10±4, P=0.05) in controls but was not detectable after the fat ingestion in T2DM (2.7± 1.1/ 0, P=0.07). We conclude HDL from patients with poorly controlled T2DM has an impaired capacity to efflux cholesterol after saturated fat ingestion, possibly through mechanisms that involve ApoE and complement C4.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".