Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh This contribution is an attempt to analyse the background and dynamics of the Azeri-Armenian conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. It focuses particularly on the genesis of Azeri and Armenian nationalisms in relation to the conflict, tracing its history back to the last decades of Tsarist rule. The article shows that initial seeds of discord were sown back in the last quarter of the 19th Century as Armenian bourgeoisie was increasingly growing in power and its dominance in the economic, as well as political life of Baku, the Empire’s oil metropolis, and other Azeri-dominated areas alienated marginalized Muslim masses. In the 1905 clashes, the conflict at the very first time overgrew its socio-economic roots, which resulted in extensive ethnically motivated clashes between Azeris and Armenians scattered through some ethnically mixed areas of Transcaucasia. The article then draws attention to the short intermezzo of 1918–1920, hen independent republics of Azerbaijan and Armenia clashed heavily for territories they both claimed. Portraying the rather silent period of Soviet rule, emphasis is put on its final years with Armenians’ irredentist aspirations – and Azeri efforts to withstand them – becoming a leading force of the national revival for both South Caucasian peoples. Analyzing a number of triggering factors, which gradually led to a full-scale war between Azerbaijan and Armenia over the dominance in Nagorno-Karabakh in the aftermath of the dissolution of the USSR, the article seeks to unveil the post-war state of affairs in both republics centering around the issue of societal preparedness for a possible war. It also undertakes a concise analysis of international involvement in the conflict focusing on the role of Russia as the major international player in the negotiation process. Finally, it discusses potential ways of resolving the conflict, both peacefully (with an emphasis on OSCE-mediated efforts) and via military means showing that a renewal of war, though rather implausible in the short run, would cause a serious regional conflict in which not only Azerbaijan and Armenia, but also Turkey, Iran and Russia would be likely to be drawn in. Keywords: Nagorno Karabakh
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".