Complete deltoid resection in early childhood without muscle transfer results in normal shoulder function at long-term follow-up: a case report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal tumors involving the deltoid muscle and necessitating its complete resection are rare. The function after complete deltoid resection is reported to be limited, and several authors consider muscle transfer to improve shoulder motion. However, it still remains unclear whether such transfer adds function. To the best of our knowledge, all reports on complete deltoid resection refer to adult patients, and it is unknown what function results after deltoid resection in childhood. The remaining muscles may have the potential to compensate for the loss of deltoid function. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we report the case of a 5-year-old white boy with complete (isolated) deltoid muscle resection in infancy for a large aggressive soft tissue tumor. No reconstructive procedure or muscle transfer was performed at the time of index surgery. Pathology revealed an angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. His postoperative course was uneventful. At 11 years of follow-up, he remained disease-free and had excellent shoulder function, including normal range of motion. CONCLUSIONS: This report implies that major muscles such as the deltoid can be resected in a child without compromising long-term function. Therefore, a muscle transfer at index surgery is probably not necessary.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".