STR-966: SEISMIC RETROFIT OF EXISTING LOW-RISE STEEL BUILDINGS IN EASTERN CANADA USING ROCKING BRACED FRAME SYSTEM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A promising retrofit strategy consists of allowing deficient braced frames to rock at their bases to reduce the force demands on the structure and the foundation. For low-rise buildings, modifications to the structure may be limited to the braced frames, which then represent a very effective solution when compared to other approaches where alterations are needed along the entire lateral load path. In the article, the rocking braced frame solution is investigated for the seismic retrofit of 3-storey typical office buildings designed in accordance with codes prevailing in the early 1980s. The frames are located in Montreal, QC, and firm ground and soft soil conditions are examined for both locations. Rocking braced frames with friction energy dissipation mechanism are investigated. The response of the retrofitted structures is examined through nonlinear time history analyses using site representative ground motions and the results are compared to predictions from simplified models assuming first mode response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".