Impact de l’économie numérique de partage sur la fiscalité de la province de Québec et de ses municipalités
Bibliographic record
Abstract
EnglishThe sharing economy is the new way of doing business transactions. Sharing economy business completely redefine consumer habits. It is difficult to apply existing traditional rules such as those governing consumer protection, transport, hotel industry and taxation. The sharing economy represents billions of dollar each year, however, a very large part of the profits escapetax authorities. Given this new economic landscape, it is time for policy makers to stop trying only to catch up with this industry, and determine a new tax legislative framework. francaisL' economie de partage est la nouvelle facon de faire du commerce. Les entreprises de partage redefinissent completement les habitudes des consommateurs. Il est difficile d' appliquer les regles traditionnelles actuelles, comme celles que regissent la protection des consommateurs, le transport et l' hotellerie ainsi que les regles fiscales. Bien que l' economie de partage represente des milliards de dollars, res recettes echappent en tres grande partie aux administartions fiscales. Devant ce nouveau paysage economique, il est grand temps que les decideurs emboitent les pas a l' industrie et determinent un nouveau cadre legislatif fiscal afin de pleinement s' arrimer avec leur temps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".