IMPACTS OF PHYLOGENETIC DILUTION AND CONCENTRATION EFFECTS ON SPECIES DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In theoretical ecology and community ecology, it is still unclear how phylogenetic community structure and species distributions are linked together. In this paper, a neutral model for evaluating phylogenetic constraints on species diversity and distribution patterns is developed to address these issues. To accomplish this, temporal species distribution and diversity patterns are evaluated and simulated by considering the impact of phylogenetic relatedness of species in a lattice landscape with square grids. A continuous patch for the resultant distributional range map of a species is defined as a group of grids in which the interior grids are adjacent to each other while the edge grids of the patch are isolated from other remaining grids in the range map. The adjacency or isolation of a grid with respect to another grid follows the von Neumann neighborhood criterion. The hypothesis tested is: phylogenetically closely related species tend to avoid each other (phylogenetic dilution), which produces a phylogenetic overdispersion pattern. In this case, all species have similar species abundances and distribution-patch size patterns. In contrast, if closely related species tend to associate together (phylogenetic concentration), a phylogenetic clustering pattern emerges: phylogenetically distinct species tend to have higher abundances and more large distribution patches. Using simulations, this paper presents results which demonstrate the reverse phenomenon: if it is assumed that phylogenetic relatedness of species is modeled as a dilution effect, the resultant distributional maps for evolutionarily distinct species present significantly increased numbers of continuous large patches. An evolutionarily distinct clade tends to have significantly higher relative abundance than other clades in all simulations. It was also found that if phylogenetic relatedness of species is modeled as a concentration effect, the simulated distributional map of each species would present a similar percentage of large patches for both evolutionarily unique and common clades for many cases when the community size is large enough. However, being similar to dilution effect, the resultant species relative abundance for evolutionarily unique clade is significantly higher than that for evolutionarily common clade. In conclusion, evolutionary distinct species will have more chances to survive with high populations and less fragmented distributional range in environments where the phylogenetic dilution effect is functioning. It is hoped that these results contributed to clarifying the complex associations generated by phylogenetic community structure in future ecological and evolutionary studies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it