Diz Osteoartritinde Kapsaisin Fonoforezin Etkisi ve Birinci Basamakta Erken Kullanılabilirliği: Randomize Kontrollü Bir Çalısma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of capsaicin phonophoresis (PP) and capsaicin gel in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) on scores of pain, disability, functionality, sleep quality and depression. Method: Seventy-three patients divided into 3 groups. All groups receieved exercise therapy. Addition to exercise, group 1 ( n = 24) received capsaicin PP, Group 2 ( n = 24) capsaicin gel. Therapies applied 3 days a week, for 6 weeks. Patients were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index for disability, 50-m walking time for functionality, Beck Depression Inventory Scores for depression and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality. Evaluations are done after the therapy, and at 1-month follow up. Results All groups improved significantly in all parameters. Pain scores after treatment were better in group 1. Regarding pain scores at follow up it was still effective. Regarding disability, functionality, depression and sleep quality no difference found between group 1 and 2. Conclusion : Capsaicin Phonophoresis is more effective in reducing pain compared to exercise and capsaicin gel. Capsaicin gell was as effective as Capsaicin Phonophoresis on functionality, disability and sleep quality and also more effective than exercise alone on functionality and sleep despite using 3 times a week. This result encourages capsicin gel usage in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis especially in primary care. Özet Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Kapsaisin fonoforezis ve kapsaisin jelin diz osteoartritinin tedavisinde ağrı, engellilik, fonsiyonalite, uyku kalitesi ve depresyon üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yetmiş üç hasta 3 gruba ayrıldı. Tüm gruplara egsersiz tedavisi uygulandı. Egsersize ek olarak birinci gruba ( n = 24) kapsaisin fonoforezis, ikinci guruba ( n = 24) kapsaisin jel uygulandı. Tedaviler haftada 3 gün, 6 hafta uygulandı. Hastalar ağrı için görsel analog skala , engellilik için Western Ontario ve McMaster Universite Osteoartrit Indeksi, fonksiyon için 50 m yürüme zamanı, depresyon için Beck Depresyon Skalası ve uyku kalitesi için Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite indeksi ile değerlendirildi. Değerlendirilmeler tedavi sonrası ve 1 aylık izlemde yapıldı. Bulgular: Tüm guruplar tüm parametrelerde iyileşme gösterdi. Ağrı skor sonuçları grup 1 de daha iyi idi. Bu iyilik bir ay izleminde hala devam ediyordu. Grup 1 ve 2 arasında engellilik, fonksiyon, depresyon ve uyku kalitesi açısından fark bulunmadı. Sonuç: Kapsaisin fonoferezis ağrıyı azaltmada egsersiz ve kapsaicin jele göre daha etkilidir. Kapsaisin jelin haftada sadece 3 defa kullanılmasına rağmen fonksiyon, engellilik ve uyku kalitesi üzerine capsaisin fonoferesiz kadar etkili olduğu ve aynı zamanda egsersizin uyku kaliesi ve fonksiyon üzerine etkisini artırdığı gösterildi. Bu sonuç özellikle birinci basamakta kapsaicin jel kullanımını teşvik etmektedir.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".