Study on the correlation between two common sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are two common sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD). This paper aims to explore the changes of clinical features and sleep parameters, as well as the mutual effect in PD patients with concurrent OSAHS and RBD. Methods Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Chinese Version, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQuest), Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Autonomic (SCOPA-AUT), 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and Hoehn-Yahr stage were used to assess the motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms (cognitive function, sleep quality, autonomic function), and the severity of disease of 190 PD patients. Polysomnography (PSG) monitoring was done to record sleep parameters. Results Among those patients, 73 patients were accompanied by OSAHS, among whom 22 patients also suffered from RBD (PD + OSAHS + RBD), and 51 patients did not present RBD (PD + OSAHS - RBD). The scores of UPDRSⅠ ( P = 0.015), UPDRSⅡ ( P = 0.023), ESS ( P = 0.002), PSQI ( P = 0.048), NMSQuest ( P = 0.001) and SCOPA - AUT ( P = 0.026) in PD + OSAHS + RBD group were significantly higher than those in PD + OSAHS - RBD group, while MoCA score was significantly lower ( P = 0.013). PSG monitoring showed mean artery oxygen saturation (SaO 2 , P = 0.029), mini SaO 2 ( P = 0.001), mini SaO 2 in REM ( P = 0.000), tonic EMG activity ( P = 0.000) and phasic EMG activity ( P = 0.000) in REM in PD + OSAHS + RBD group were significantly higher than those in PD + OSAHS - RBD group. Correlation analysis showed that apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were positively correlated with the scores of NMSQuest ( r s = 0.252, P = 0.032; r s = 0.229, P = 0.010), SCOPA-AUT ( r s = 0.322, P = 0.005; r s = 0.247, P = 0.037) and PDQ-39 ( r s = 0.340, P = 0.004; r s = 0.269, P = 0.023). Conclusions PD with concurrent OSAHS and RBD can aggravate the non-motor symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction, daytime sleepiness and autonomic dysfunction. Although RBD patients present higher SaO 2 at night, it cannot release the symptom of anoxia in PD patients with OSAHS. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.01.007
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".