Quadrature Spatial Modulation for Cooperative MIMO 5G Wireless Networks
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is used in a cooperative decode-and-forward (DF) diversity systems in order to enhance the overall reliability and energy efficiency. In particular, a multi-antenna source communicates with a single-antenna destination with the help of a multi-antenna DF relay in the presence of a direct link. To study the system performance, we derive a closed-form expression for the average pairwise error probability (P̅E̅P̅) over Rayleigh fading channels. A tight upper bounded average bit error rate is obtained using the P̅E̅P expression. Moreover, simple approximate expressions are obtained to get insights on the system diversity. Numerical results, which match with simulations, show that QSM offers about 3 dB gain over the conventional spatial modulation in DF relaying systems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it