New insights on the geological and structural settings of the Musselwhite banded iron-formation-hosted gold deposit, North Caribou greenstone belt, Superior Province, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Musselwhite mine is a world-class gold deposit hosted in polydeformed amphibolite-facies banded iron-formation of the Mesoarchean North Caribou greenstone belt, northwestern Superior Province. The deposit is located about 2 km west of the tectonic boundary with the gneissic Island Lake domain. Detailed underground and surface mapping, core logging, and structural analyses have been undertaken to better characterize the various controls on gold mineralization. The west antiform trench 1 and esker docks exposures show the dominant northwest-trending structural pattern related to the main (D2) deformation phase. Multiple metre-scale type 3 F1-F2 and F2-F3 fold interference patterns are documented in the banded iron-formation. Coupled with regional-scale geological and U-Pb geochronological data, structural observations by the authors suggest that the mine area is located along the overturned limb of a kilometric-scale F1 syncline that influenced the regional distribution and geometry of the prospective banded iron-formation units, preceding the main D2 deformation. Underground mapping of the 1045 main ramp and 770 level 11780N crosscut sections indicates that the ore, in the northern iron-formation, mainly occurs as stratabound pyrrhotite-rich replacements and associated quartz-flooding of the garnet-rich silicate banded iron-formation facies, and locally as discordant syndeformation quartz±pyrrhotite veins. The ore zones are associated with D2-related high-strain zones, and are concentrated in hinges and along strongly attenuated limbs of F2 folds. The composition of the garnet-rich silicate facies and layered mechanical anisotropy induced by competent banded iron-formation horizons embedded in less competent mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks strongly influenced the deformation style and played an important role in controlling flow of gold-bearing fluids and formation and distribution of the ore.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".