Metaheuristics for solving the biobjective single‐path multicommodity communication flow problem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Single‐path multicommodity flow problem (SMCFP) is a well‐known combinatorial optimization problem, in which the flow of each commodity can be transmitted using only one path linking its destination to an appropriate origin within the addressed network. In this paper, we study the SMCFP in a multiobjective context by considering the simultaneous optimization of paths' delay and average reliability. The network is modeled as a finite set of nodes that can communicate using preestablished connections where each connection is characterized by a capacity, a lead time, and a reliability. A node can be an information producer or/and information consumer. The contention problem is solved by assigning a path and a dedicated bandwidth to each flow. The problem is formulated as a biobjective nonlinear optimization problem. This biobjective problem has not been considered in the literature. We design three alternative procedures for approximating the Pareto front. We proposed an MGA based on NSGA‐II, a multiobjective variable neighborhood search and a new distance‐based hybrid metaheuristic. The hybridization integrates a local search into the framework of genetic algorithm to effectively drive the search toward a better approximating of the Pareto front. The propounded algorithms' efficiencies are experimentally investigated on a test bed of instances applied to a planar and a grid network. A comparative study is conducted based on different multiobjective performance indicators.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".