Hydrogenation of <i>m</i>‐chloronitrobenzene over amorphous Ni‐B/CNTs catalysts: Promoting effect of CNTs confinement on the catalytic performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ni‐B amorphous alloy particles were selectively loaded inside and outside of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to form a series of Ni‐B/CNTs amorphous alloy catalysts. The confinement effects of the CNTs on the physicochemical properties of Ni‐B/CNTs were investigated. The results show that compared with external loading, the Ni‐B active components after internal loading were subjected to the confinement effect, which better inhibited the growth and aggregation of Ni‐B particles, forming smaller‐size Ni‐B particles, and improved the thermal stability of the Ni‐B amorphous alloy. Moreover, the Ni‐B particles confined in the channels can more efficiently activate hydrogen. During the m ‐chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation, the Ni‐B/CNTs with Ni‐B internal loading showed higher catalytic hydrogenation activity than that for Ni‐B external loading. High‐temperature treatment caused a decrease in the catalytic activity, but the internal loading improved the stability of the catalysts. The internal loading method could effectively reduce the loss of the active component, which contributed to improving the stability of the catalyst.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".