Valles Marineris tectonic and volcanic history inferred from dikes in eastern Coprates Chasma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Magmatic dikes have been proposed to have weakened and fractured the crust, allowing the formation of Valles Marineris. Hence, dikes were studied in the region of eastern Coprates Chasma in an area that includes a major transition between Hesperian‐aged volcanic deposits in the western walls and pristine Noachian crust in the eastern walls. Over a hundred dikes were identified. Dike widths are 13 m on average. Estimation of magma eruption rates are comparable with previous estimates for Hesperian lava flows on Mars (10 5 to 10 6 m 3 s −1 ). Dikes dips range from 55° to 90°; orientations record two distinct main tectonic stress fields (90° and 70°) different from the Chasmata. Dikes striking 90° are only observed at elevations below 1500 m. Dikes striking 70° are observed at elevation below 0 m and are therefore considered older. However, linear features are also observed on the late Noachian/early Hesperian surrounding plateaus and could be related to the 70° dike group. In the western part of our study area, dikes (~10% of the total amount of dikes mapped) strike 110, subparallel to Valles Marineris, and suggest a relationship between dike emplacement and graben formation. The presence of preexisting faults in the two directions (90° and 70°) could explain the shape of eastern Valles Marineris and chaotic terrains, which have a different general orientation than the Valles Marineris main rift. Our results suggest a complex relationship between dike emplacement and the formation of Valles Marineris.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".