Nineteenth-Century English Fiction as a Source for Teaching Discourse Presentation Strategies to Spanish EFL Students: A Corpus-Based Approach to Direct Speech Reporting Verbs
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Direct speech has traditionally lacked the attention devoted to indirect speech \nin EFL teaching in the Spanish curriculum. The verbatim representation of the speech act \nbeing reported seems as a taken-for-granted construction which does not need further analysis. \nThanks to a corpus-based approach, though, it is possible to retrieve data that prove \notherwise. Reporting verbs will be the element under analysis, since they make it possible \nto demonstrate that the way in which discourse is projected can be highly interpretative. The \nanalysis will consist of a corpus-based study of more than eighty English Victorian novels (c. \n16.8 million words). It will be carried out with WordSmith Tools (Scott, 2013), which allows \nthe retrieval of more than 30,000 verbs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it