Abstract 275: Cholesterol Efflux Capacity is Inversely Associated with Severity of Carotid Atherosclerosis and Increases with Time Since Cerebrovascular Event
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction HDL is thought to exert its atheroprotective role by promoting cholesterol efflux from lipid-laden macrophages. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) has been shown to be inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness and presence of coronary artery disease. We assessed the hypothesis that CEC is associated with severity of carotid atherosclerosis and with cerebrovascular symptomatology. Methods Symptomatic (n=114) and asymptomatic (n=41) patients with carotid stenosis were recruited from Vascular Surgery at the Royal Victoria and Jewish General hospitals, Montreal, Canada. Carotid Doppler ultrasound was performed and stenosis (50-79%, 80-99%) was graded according to velocities. Detailed information on symptomatology obtained. A blood sample was collected on the day of the ultrasound; HDL was obtained by polyethylene glycol precipitation after depletion of apoB-containing lipoproteins. CEC was determined by incubating HDL in cAMP-stimulated J774 mouse peritoneal macrophages for 6 hours. Specific cholesterol efflux was obtained by subtracting total efflux from efflux in non-cAMP stimulated cells. Differences in CEC were assessed using linear regression according to 1) stenosis, 2) symotomatology and, 3) timing of symptomatology. Results Compared to patients with 50-79% stenosis (n=31), patients with 80-99% stenosis (n=124) had significantly decreased CEC (beta=-2.23, P=0.04) after adjustment for age, sex, apoAI, and systolic BP. CEC was not significantly different between symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. However, in symptomatic patients CEC increased with increasing time since cerebrovascular event. Specifically, compared to 0-30 days (n=72), CEC was non-significantly increased 31-90 days since event (n=31, beta=1.64, P=NS), while increased significantly ≥ 90 days since event (n=11, beta=4.48, P=0.01), after adjustment as described above. Conclusion These results suggest that CEC is inversely associated with severity of carotid stenosis and that CEC increases with increasing time since symptomatic event. This may be related to remodeling of HDL during the acute phase reaction after a recent ischemic event.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".