Nasal and Nasoethmoidal-Orbital Fractures: A Continuum of Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The unilateral nasoethmoid orbital (NOE) fracture is frequently misdiagnosed. This fracture is independent of the clinically obvious NOE fracture and has alternately been referred to as complex nasal, minimally displaced, occult or greenstick NOE fracture. Failure to identify and treat these injuries at initial presentation results in undesirable aesthetic and functional consequences that are difficult to repair secondarily. Three patients who presented with nasal fractures complicated by minimally displaced fractures of the medial orbital wall were reviewed retrospectively. These injuries were successfully diagnosed and treated after their examining physicians failed to appreciate the injury on the initial evaluation. Complex nasal injuries with fracture extensions to the NOE are often missed by the examining physician. These injuries should benefit from a high index of suspicion and be evaluated with axial and coronal computed tomographic imaging. Acute treatment with appropriate exposure, open reduction, internal fixation and bone grafting is most compatible with a successful outcome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".