Interactions between local population density and limited habitat resources determine movements of juvenile Atlantic salmon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Competition for limited resources and the resulting density-dependent processes are key factors in driving stream salmonid population dynamics. Here we test for the combined effects of density and shelter availability on the movement of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a Norwegian river. Individually marked, hatchery-reared salmon juveniles were released at 26 sites along a 2.5 km long stretch and recaptured after 12 months. The spatial variation in shelter availability and density of salmonids was quantified prior to the release. We found no effect of released fish number on the number of marked salmon moving more than 12.5–112.5 m away from their release site. However, the ratio of pre-experiment fish density per shelter was positively related to the number of movers. Thus, fish that were released at sites where the amount of shelter was low relative to the density of the pre-experiment population were more likely to move. These results support the prediction from smaller scale experimental studies that shelter availability may act to determine local carrying capacity in stream-living salmonid populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".