Management of a Rare Case of Multiple Arteriovenous Malformations in the Context of Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present article describes a 15-year-old girl with two arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) — on her left labia majora and left thigh — in association with genetically confirmed de-novo neurofibromatosis type 2. This patient's labia majora AVM was particularly difficult to treat using embolization techniques. She experienced numerous complications including pulmonary edema, venous thromboemboli, severe local area necrosis and a damaged anal sphincter. She required surgical debridement and reconstruction of her suprapubic and perineal regions. The left thigh AVM was later treated using a combination of embolization and surgical resection with no complications. Six years later, she is doing well. To the authors’ knowledge, the present report is the only case of neurofibromatosis type 2 associated with extracranial arteriovenous malformations described in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".