Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Export Performance in China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As one of the world's major exporters, China has witnessed a substantial increase in its outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). This article examines the effects of export-driven factors on China's OFDI through export-supporting and export platform. On the basis of 2003–2010 panel data from 144 countries and regions, including Canada, we find a strong effect of rising exports on China's OFDI. In addition, the export platform is an important part of China's OFDI, and this trend has strengthened in recent years. Moreover, markets of neighbouring host countries do not have a significant effect on the OFDI. China's OFDI has an obvious agglomeration effect in the host countries, particularly in high-income countries. The empirical results suggest that China should pay attention to the dual effects of its export-supporting and export platform on OFDI. The government should guide enterprises to implement a mixed international trade and investment strategy and build a platform of networking investment to protect firms' overseas investments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".