Crab wars: Testing the ideal free distribution with invasive Carcinus maenas and native Hemigrapsus nudus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Invasive species can cause changes in community composition, native species’ habitat acquisition and reduce abundance of native species. The Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) provides a conceptual framework for describing intraspecific distributions of individuals and can be modified for interspecific interactions to correct for differing competitive ability. We examined whether the IFD of Hemigrapsus nudus ( H. nudus ), native to the west coast of North America, varies with the introduction of invasive Carcinus maenas ( C. maenas ) with respect to food availability. We tested this experimentally by constructing artificial habitats with patches of high and low food availability and monitoring the distributions and feeding rates of H. nudus and C. maenas among these food patches. C. maenas was six times more competitive in acquiring food than H. nudus . Based on this foraging discrepancy, spatial distributions between food patches did not follow those predicted mathematically by the IFD. H. nudus did not distribute ideally in terms of food, while C. maenas did. Thus, the ability of C. maenas ’ to ideally distribute combined with its high food acquisition rate, has the potential to affect H. nudus survival with the spread of C. maenas in the Pacific Northwest.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".