The Study of Human Rights Situation in Iraq During Saddam Hussein Era
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human rights are one of the most important issues in Contemporary International Low, that there is a great sensitiveness for the implementation of them. In many countries, some institutes & committees have been considered to follow up the issue or even a ministry as the ministry of human rights has been established. The present paper was discussed the human rights violations in Iraq on Saddam Hussein`s behalf, the current ruler and so, followed the response of the question that “how had been the situation of human rights during the governorship of Saddam Hussein in Iraq?”. The research method was descriptive-analytic. The method of collection is documentary & library information and the methods of analyzing information are describing, analyzing, and also using documents. The results of this study showed that some human rights violation cases have been seen in the government of Saddam Hussein in Iraq such as the pillage of state, forced displacement of Feyli Kurds from Iraq & the killing of them, killing women and children, abduction of women and children, the involvement of people in different wars, lack of social participation of women, economic sanctions, the use of chemical weapons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".