Cu submicroparticles catalyzed reduction of 3‐nitro‐4‐methoxyacetanilide to 3‐amino‐4‐methoxyacetanilide in water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract 3‐nitro‐4‐methoxy acetanilide (NMA) was selectively reduced to 3‐amino‐4‐methoxy acetanilides (AMA) with metallic Cu submicroparticles as the H‐transfer catalyst in NaBH 4 solution. The metallic Cu submicroparticles were prepared by the wet chemical reduction method and characterized by SEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. The catalytic activity of Cu submicroparticles in the reduction of NMA was significantly affected by the particle sizes of Cu submicroparticles. The catalyst of Cu submicroparticles with an average particle size of 0.36 µm contributes to an AMA selectivity of 96.1 % at the NMA conversion of 100 % after reacting at 303 K for 40 min. The Cu submicroparticles show better catalytic activities than the Cu microparticles in the reduction of NMA to AMA probably due to the low reaction orders and the low activation energy of Cu submicroparticles for the reduction of NMA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".