MORE WIVES THAN ONE: Transformation of the Mormon Marriage System. 1840-1910
Bibliographic record
Abstract
DAYNES, Kathryn M., MORE WIVES THAN ONE: Transformation of the Mormon Marriage System. 1840-1910. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2001, 305pp., $34.95 hardcover.In More Wives than One, Kathryn M. Daynes offers a well-researched and highly readable account of Mormon plural marriage over a sixty-year period. Daynes' deftly intertwines the complex issues facing the young Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (LDS) in the 1830-40s regarding revelation, church authority and the application of evolving millennialist beliefs to the practice of faith. Mormon plural marriage originated in Joseph Smith's scriptural interpretation of the bible, aided by prayer and revelation. Rituals involving endowment, or receiving the gift of knowledge believed necessary for a return to God and sealing, ordinances binding families and marriage partners for eternity became vital components of marriage. Plural marriage also fulfilled the ordained function of procreating within this faith community. Hesitancy and debate surrounded the acceptance of plural marriage in the LDS church in its gradual movement Westward. Many church members were also concerned with the growing political and economic power that accrued within a small church leadership, increasingly focused on Joseph Smith.The religious and secular intolerance 19th century Mormons faced can be symbolized by Joseph Smith's murder in Carthage, Illinois, in 1844. Plural marriage, sensationalized by non-church communities, was a minor concern compared to fears of economic competition, the failure of Smith's banking venture and rejection of Smith leadership by some church members. If plural marriage came to be sanctioned by the church the practice remained a matter of personnel choice and was never forced on individuals, although scripture and revelation were sometimes used as persuasive arguments. Most interesting in More Wives than One is its sociological treatment of social and community practices that grew up around the practice of plural marriage.The internal dynamics of 19th century Mormon plural marriages are difficult to ascertain. While Daynes access to detailed records of specific marriages suggest commonalities, she is judicious in making generalizations. Those considering plural marriage had many issues to consider; the feelings of parties involved, especially first wives, sometimes-parental consent, the economic viability of a plural marriage, and the worthiness of perspective partners. Plural marriage within a variable marriage market had its own dynamics and tensions. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".