Variation in snowshoe hare density near Churchill, Manitoba estimated using pellet counts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus ) are a keystone species in the Boreal Forest of Canada and their well-characterized population cycles can strongly influence the abundance of their predators. We examined annual variation in snowshoe hare density near Churchill, Manitoba, using counts of hare fecal pellets from 2012 to 2015. We used a regression formula to estimate the density of snowshoe hares based on fecal pellet density. Our estimates of snowshoe hare densities were highest in the first year of study, which may reflect a bias due to pellets accumulating from previous years, and we found no difference in hare density estimates in the subsequent three years. These results suggest the forest-tundra ecozone may be marginal habitat for snowshoe hares, precluding rapid increases in hare density, so population densities of snowshoe hares in Churchill may not cycle in their historic 10-year intervals. However, the northward advancement of the tree line with climate warming may improve habitat conditions for snowshoe hares, and thus the predator populations they typically support.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".