Effects of Canrenoate Treatment on Vascular Reactivity During Pregnancy in the Rat.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pregnancy, in humans and rats, is characterized by paradoxical hemodynamic changes: increased blood volume, heart rate and renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) associated with decreased blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance. It was proposed that membrane potential of vascular smooth muscle cells could be implicated in this phenomenon. Our laboratory has previously shown that inhibiting the RAAS with a sodium supplement during the last week of pregnancy prevents the end of pregnancy-associated decreases of blood pressure and of vascular reactivity. We now suggest that the high levels of aldosterone present during pregnancy could be involved in cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy. In order to delineate effects of aldosterone on vascular tone, potassium canrenoate, an antagonist of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR), was administered (20 mg/kg/day) to pregnant rats from the day 15 to 22 of gestation. Rats were sacrificed on day 17, 19 and 22 of gestation together with untreated pregnant ones. The thoracic aorta was quickly removed and set up in tissue baths as ring (2-3mm) preparation. Canrenoate enhanced aortic responsiveness to PhE at all time of treatment tested, but only in aorta of day 17 treated rats for KCl responsiveness. On the other hand, it increased the inhibitory effect of nifedipine and NS-1619 on responsiveness to both PhE and KCl at the end of pregnancy (day 22). Na/K-ATPase activity was measured by the relaxant effect of KCl added to potassium-free physiological solution. The activity of the pump was decreased when approaching parturition (days 19 and 22) compared to day 17 of pregnancy and canrenoate treatment prevented this effect. Inhibition of the activity of the pump by ouabain was not affected by either progressing gestation or canrenoate. The present data show that aortic responses to vasoconstrictors are modified along pregnancy. These vascular changes were altered by treating rats with an antagonist of MR, suggesting that aldosterone could be one of the components involved in vascular adaptation to pregnancy. (poster)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".