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Record W2597548388 · doi:10.21529/resi.2004.0301003

A Strategy for Selecting Classes of Symbols from Classes of Graphemes in HMM-Based Handwritten Word Recognition

2004· article· pt· W2597548388 on OpenAlexafffund
Cinthia Obladen de Almendra Freitas‍, Flávio Bortolozzi, Robert Sabourin

Bibliographic record

VenueRevista Eletrônica de Sistemas de Informação · 2004
Typearticle
Languagept
FieldComputer Science
TopicHandwritten Text Recognition Techniques
Canadian institutionsÉcole de Technologie Supérieure
FundersFundação AraucáriaPontificia Universidade Católica do ParanáÉcole de technologie supérieure
KeywordsHidden Markov modelComputer scienceHumanitiesWord (group theory)Artificial intelligenceLinguisticsArtPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Este artigo descreve uma metodologia para seleção de classes de símbolos a partir de classesde grafemas em um sistema de reconhecimento de palavras manuscritas do extenso de cheques bancáriosbrasileiros baseado em HMM (Hidden Markov Models). Este artigo discute as definições de primitivas,grafemas e símbolos considerando um enfoque Global para o reconhecimento das palavras, o qual evita asegmentação das palavras em letras ou pseudo-letras utilizando HMM. Assim, a entrada para os modelosconsiste em uma descrição da palavra a partir de um alfabeto de símbolos gerados a partir dos grafemasextraídos das imagens das palavras, sendo esta a representação visível para o HMM. Portanto, a idéia éintroduzir uma conceituação de alto nível, tais como primitivas perceptivas (laços, ascendentes,descendentes, concavidades e convexidades) e fornecer um modo de retro-alimentação rápido e informativosobre a informação contida em cada classe de grafema, permitindo uma seleção de classes de símbolos. Oartigo apresenta o algoritmo com base na Informação Mútua (Mutual Information) e HMM, ambostrabalhando em um mesmo processo de avaliação. Os resultados experimentais demonstram que é possívelselecionar a partir de um conjunto “original” de grafemas (composto por 94 grafemas) um alfabeto desímbolos (composto por 29 símbolos). O artigo conclui que o poder discriminante dos grafemas é muitoimportante para a consolidação de um alfabeto de símbolos.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.017

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.046
GPT teacher head0.304
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2004
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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