On The Role of the Extended Family in Helping to Pay for the Household Expenses of Unmarried Older Women (60+) in Latin Anerica and the Caribbean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study helps document the important role of extended family living-considered in terms of both coresidence and child proximity-in helping to predict assistance with paying household expenses among elderly unmarried women in seven Latin American and Caribbean cities: Bridgetown, Buenos Aires, Havana, Mexico City, Montevideo, Santiago (Chile) and Sao Paulo. It also looks into the idea that economic need helps predict family assistance to elderly unmarried women. Data come from special, comparable, surveys of elders aged 60 and over gathered in 2000. Using binomial logistic regression, study findings are consistent with the notion that extended family living is important for receiving help with basic household expenses among unmarried elderly women. However, study findings do not support the notion that economic need fosters help with household expenses among unmarried elderly women. While the effect of extended family living tended to be similar across the different urban areas, extended family living also had the additional quality of explaining the differences in the proportion of unmarried elderly women receiving help with paying household expenses in Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Havana and Sao Paulo. However, the proportion remained low in Bridgetown and high in both Mexico City and Santiago.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".