Diagnostic value of serum cystatin C on newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<strong>Objective</strong> To investigate the diagnostic value of expression level of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) on early diagnosis of newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). <strong>Methods </strong> A total of 101 PD patients were divided into 2 groups: PD-MCI gruop (N = 43) and PD with normal cognition group (control group, N = 58). The levels of serum Cys-C, lipid, creatinine (Cr) and uric acid (UA) were tested. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to evaluate cognitive function, and Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PD-MCI and the level of serum Cys-C. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to detect the sensitivity and specificity of early diagnosis. <strong>Results </strong>The expression level of serum Cys-C in PD-MCI group [(1.12 ± 0.10) mg/L] was higher than that of control group [(1.00 ± 0.15) mg/L, <em>P</em> = 0.000]. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum Cys-C was the independent risk factor for PD-MCI (<em>OR</em> = 4.285, 95% CI: 1.301-14.112; <em>P</em> = 0.017); Spearman rank correlation analysis showed the expression level of serum Cys-C was negatively correlated with MMSE total score (<em>r<sub>s</sub></em> = -0.831, <em>P</em> = 0.000), MoCA total score (<em>r<sub>s</sub></em> = -0.848, <em>P</em> = 0.000), visuospatial/executive function (<em>r<sub>s</sub></em> = -0.495, <em>P</em> = 0.001), attention/counting (<em>r<sub>s</sub></em> = -0.339, <em>P</em> = 0.026) and delayed recall (<em>r<sub>s</sub></em> = -0.307, <em>P</em> = 0.045). ROC curve analysis showed that area under the curve (AUC) was 0.707 (95%CI: 0.603-0.811, <em>P</em> = 0.000). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 53.50% and 82.80% respectively, and the critical value of serum Cys-C level was 1.105 mg/L. <strong>Conclusions</strong> Increased expression level of serum Cys-C maybe closely related with newly diagnosed PD-MCI, and has a certain value to the early diagnosis of PD-MCI. <strong>DOI: </strong>10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.08.007
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".