Bibliographic record
Abstract
A supporter of both imperialist ideals and feminist struggles, Canadian journalist and author Sara Jeannette Duncan was the epitome of the strong colonial woman who is sometimes parodied, often admired, in late Victorian British writing. But Duncan did not limit her political involvement to Canadian soil nor Canadian issues. Married to an Englishman resident in India, she turned her journalistic pen to Indian topics, another side of the imperialist coin, while remaining ever aware of happenings in her native country and constantly reminded by her social environment that she was indeed both colonial and expatriate. Duncan's Indian political novels – His Honour, and a Lady (1895), Set in Authority (1906), and The Burnt Offering (1909) – are particularly interesting in their melding of political, social, and moral attitudes inherent in Anglo-Indian society. In contrast to the gleaming imperialist ideals and the sullied morals portrayed in many of Kipling's popular stories, Duncan's lesser-known works show the complexities of the society which became her own. This article investigates Duncan's Indian political novels along side the Canadian political novel for which she is most well known, The Imperialist (1904), establishing a clear portrait of Duncan's changing view of the Imperialist ideal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.036 | 0.056 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".