Prognostic value of baseline inflammatory markers in inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
17035 Background: Markers of chronic inflammation are not commonly included in standard NSCLC staging, which remains anatomically based. Several studies have reported that an increased C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of chronic inflammation, presages short survival for NSCLC patients (pts). A cohort of 68 pts with advanced NSCLC (stages 3A, 3B and 4) was studied in order to evaluate the prognostic value for survival of various pretreatment inflammatory parameters. Methods: The following factors were collected at the time of diagnosis prior to treatment: sex, age, stage, performance status, CRP, LDH, hemoglobin, platelets, albumin, and white blood cells (WBC). Statistical evaluation employed univariate and multivariate analyses. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: Median survival for the entire cohort was ten months (mo) (95% CI 7, 15). Those with stages 3A, 3B (18 pts) had a survival of 11 mo (95% CI 6,15), whereas those with 3B (effusion)/4 (50 pts) had a survival of 8 mo (95% CI 3,13). Univariate analysis identified CRP and WBC as the only significant prognostic factors for survival (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis also demonstrated that CRP (p = 0.005), and WBC (p=0.009) displayed independent correlation with prognosis. CRP and WBC were then combined into a prognostic index (PI) ranging from 0–2. The total score demonstrated a better stratification value for survival. Both parameters were normal [WBC ≤ 11, CRP ≤ 10] (PI 0) in 26 (38%) pts; one parameter was elevated (PI 1) in 27 (40%) pts; and both parameters were elevated (PI 2) in 15 (22%) others. Pts with PI 0 had a median survival of 14 mo (95% CI 12, 21); those with PI 1 had a median survival of 7 mo (95% CI 5, 10); and pts with PI 2 had a median survival of 5 mo (95% CI 3, 7). Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory markers predicted survival in our cohort with NSCLC. These data need to be confirmed in a larger validation study. Studies on staging systems that include inflammatory markers are indicated. Clinical trials linking anti-inflammatory therapies with chemotherapy should be prioritized. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".