Combining ant colony optimization with 1-opt local search method for solving constrained forest transportation planning problems
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We developed a two-stage approach (ACOLS) combining the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm and a 1-opt local search to solve forest transportation planning problems (FTPPs) considering fixed and variables costs and sediment yields expected to erode from road surfaces as side constraints. The ACOLS was designed for improving ACO performance and ensure the applicability to real-world, large-scale FTPPs with multiple time periods. It consists of three major routines: i) least-cost route finding process from all timber sales simultaneously, ii) two stage search process developed to quickly find feasible (stage I) and high-quality (stage II) solutions and, iii) 1-opt local search solution refinement to further improve solution quality. The ACOLS was first applied to a medium-scale hypothetical FTPP on which four cases with increasing level of sediment constraint were considered. To test for robustness, the ACOLS was then applied to ten different problems instances created basing on the same topology of the hypothetical FTPP. Lastly, the ACOLS was applied to a real-world, large-scale FTPP considering thousands of roads segments, hundreds of timber sales, and multiple products and planning periods. Feasible solutions were found for all cases indicating the usefulness of our approach to provide managers with an efficient tool to address large-scale transportation problems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it