Both PepT1 and GLUT Intestinal Transporters Are Utilized by a Novel Glycopeptide Pro-Hyp-CONH-GlcN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pro-Hyp (PO) accounts for many beneficial biological effects of collagen hydrolysates for skin and bone health. The objective of this study was to conjugate PO with glucosamine (GlcN) to create a novel glycopeptide Pro-Hyp-CONH-GlcN (POGlcN) and then to investigate the potential involvement of multiple transepithelial transport pathways for this glycopeptide. Nuclear magnetic resonance results revealed the amide nature of this glycopeptide with α and β configurations derived from GlcN. This glycopeptide was very resistant to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Also, it showed a rate of transepithelial transport [permeability coefficient ( P app ) of (2.82 ± 0.15) × 10 –6 cm/s] across the Caco-2 cell monolayer superior to those of parental dipeptide PO and GlcN [ P app values of (1.45 ± 0.17) × 10 –6 and (1.87 ± 0.15) × 10 –6 cm/s, respectively]. A transport mechanism experiment indicated that the improved transport efficiency of POGlcN is attributed to the introduction of glucose transporters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".