Morphotropic Phase Diagram and Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of (1−<i>x</i>)Ba(Sc<sub>1/2</sub>Nb<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub><sub>3</sub></sub>−<i>x</i>PbTiO<sub>3</sub> Solid Solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The solid solution of (1− x )Ba(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 − x PbTiO 3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) has been synthesized in the perovskite structure by solid-state reaction in the form of ceramics and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, dielectric spectroscopy, and ferroelectric measurements. A partial solid-state phase diagram ( T ≈ x ) of the binary system is established based on the X-ray and dielectric measurement. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region is found within the composition range of x = 0.61−0.65. The dielectric permittivity is enhanced greatly by increasing the PT content, reaching peak values for the MPB compositions. The ceramics of 0.42BSN-0.58PT show typical relaxor ferroelectric behavior with diffuse maxima of permittivity, which shift to higher temperatures when increasing the frequency. With further increase in PT amount, the dielectric permittivity peaks become sharper and frequency independent, indicating a ferroelectric phase transition, the Curie temperature ( T c ) of which increases accordingly. The change in dielectric properties reveal the transformation from dielectric to relaxor and to ferroelectric behavior, induced by composition in the solid-solution system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".