A Transformerless High-Voltage DC–DC Converter for DC Grid Interconnection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a transformerless high-voltage dc-dc converter based on cascaded sub-modules. It is intended for interconnecting high-voltage or medium-voltage dc grids. The proposed dc-dc converter consists of two phase legs, each of which consists of an upper arm and a lower arm with their middle nodes crossly connected through a branch of active sub-modules. By properly controlling the output voltage of the cross-connected branch, a trapezoidal ac current is induced to interact with the ac voltage components in the upper and lower arm for rebalancing the power amongst converter arms. The features of modular design, single-stage power conversion, and transformerless structure make the proposed dc-dc converter gain the outstanding merits of wide voltage ratio range, high system efficiency, and light converter weight. A control scheme is also elaborated for guaranteeing the normal operation of the proposed dc-dc converter. A 100-kV 100-MW simulation model performed in MATLAB/Simulink verifies the feasibility of the proposed dc-dc converter. Experimental results obtained from a 100-V 1-kW laboratory setup also confirm the validation of the proposal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".