Islam, Politics and Identity in Uzbekistan: Political and Cultural Landscapes in Central Asia's Lynchpin State
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The collapse of Soviet authority in Central Asia has left these states with an inchoate national identity. In Uzbekistan, an identity is emerging that is closely linked to the reemergence of Islam as a social and cultural substate, in spite of a decades-long effort to excise Islam from the region's cultural geography.Since independence, the administration of Islam Karimov has undertaken to incorporate elements of Islam into national identity, albeit only under conditions determined and controlled by the state. At the same time, the religious landscape has been transformed, with thousands of new mosques and medressehs appearing in the years after the dispersal of Marxist-Leninist ideology. The recovery of the Islamic heritage and its connection to national identity is reinforced by recent field research. Surveys of university students taken in several geographically-dispersed cities indicate solid support among youth in Uzbekistan for the precepts of the faith, a clear sign that the region's long divorce f...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".