Properties of a Rare-Earth-Ion-Doped Waveguide at Sub-Kelvin Temperatures for Quantum Signal Processing
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We characterize the 795 nm ${^{3}\mathrm{H}}_{6}$ to ${^{3}\mathrm{H}}_{4}$ transition of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}$ in a ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{4+}:\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Nb}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ waveguide at temperatures as low as 800 mK. Coherence and hyperfine population lifetimes---up to $117\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ and 2.5 h, respectively---exceed those at 3 K at least tenfold, and are equivalent to those observed in a bulk ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}:\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Nb}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ crystal under similar conditions. We also find a transition dipole moment that is equivalent to that of the bulk. Finally, we prepare a 0.5 GHz-bandwidth atomic frequency comb of finesse $>2$ on a vanishing background. These results demonstrate the suitability of rare-earth-ion-doped waveguides created using industry-standard Ti indiffusion in $\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Nb}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ for on-chip quantum applications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it