Plastid Genome Stability and Repair
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plastids, like mitochondria, result from an ancient endosymbiosis event and contain a distinct genome. Though many plastid genes have since been transferred to the nuclear genome, the small plastid genome still encodes between 90 and 100 genes, which are notably involved in translation, transcription, and energy metabolism in the plastid. The many roles of this organelle, the most familiar being photosynthesis in chloroplasts, make it essential for the development of higher plants. As such, the ability of the plastid to maintain the stability of its genome represents a crucial element of plant life. The physical organization of the genome itself can have an influence on DNA metabolism, with its large inverted repeats acting as templates for recombination. Furthermore, the localization of chloroplast DNA near elements of the electron transport chain increases the importance of DNA repair mechanisms, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear as by-products of photosynthesis. These ROS, along with UV radiation and DNA double-strand breaks, create a genotoxic stress through their respective ability to oxidize nucleotides, link DNA bases, or rearrange the structure of the genome. To minimize the deleterious effects of these events, different mechanisms present in the nucleus such as homologous recombination exist in plastids. Some less conservative mechanisms based on sequences of microhomology are also found, and sometimes lead to copy-number variation in certain areas of the plastid genome. While some of these changes can remain silent, others can be linked to phenotypes such as variegation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".