Growth and breakup of a wet agglomerate in a dry gas–solid fluidized bed
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Significance Using CFD‐DEM simulations, a wet agglomerate of particles was placed in a void region of a dry vigorously fluidized bed to understand how wet agglomerates grow or breakup and how liquid spreads when agglomerates interact with dry fluidized particles. In the CFD‐DEM model, cohesive and viscous forces arising from liquid bridges between particles were modeled, as well as a finite rate of liquid bridge filling. The liquid properties were varied between different simulations to vary Bond number (surface tension forces/gravitational forces) and Capillary number (viscous forces/surface tension forces) in the system. Resulting agglomerate behavior was divided into regimes of (i) the agglomerate breaking up, (ii) the agglomerate retaining its initial form, but not growing, and (iii) the agglomerate retaining its initial form and growing. Regimes were mapped based on Bo and Ca. Implications of agglomerate behavior on spreading of liquid to initially dry particles were investigated. This article identifies a new way to map agglomerate growth and breakup behavior based on Bo and Ca. In modeling both liquid forces and a finite rate of liquid transfer, it identifies the complex influence viscosity has on agglomeration by strengthening liquid bridges while slowing their formation. Viewing Ca as the ratio of bridge formation time to particle collision and separation time capture why agglomerates with high Ca struggle to grow. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 2520–2527, 2017
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it