Investigation of the Charge Behavior of PAA Copolymers by Means of Polyelectrolyte Titration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, the charge density (CD) of polyanions and polycations were investigated by means of polyelectrolyte titration. The CD is independent on the pH for strong polyelectrolytes. For week PEL the differences of CD is dependet on the pH. Furthermore, often the pH is dependent on the concentration of PEL or by the solvent. For all applications it is necessary to determine the CD. Many processes are controlled by the CD. Low, medium, and high charged PEL were examined. Furthermore, the effects of the charge density on the flocculation performance of inorganic kaolin suspensions in the presence of different charged cationic polymers were investigated. The flocculation in the presence of low, medium, and high charge density cationic flocculants (i.e. PC10, PC44, and PC90 respectively) with high molecular weight were compared in terms of the flocculation efficiency and floc sizes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".