L’auteur des Rasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ selon les sources ismaéliennes ṭayyibites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L’identité des auteurs desRasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾet leur affiliation à l’ismaélisme demeurent un sujet controversé dans la recherche moderne. Les ismaéliens de tradition ṭayyibite attribuent lesÉpîtres, y compris laRisāla al-Jāmiʿa, à « la personne éminente » (al-shakhṣ al-fāḍil), qui ne serait autre que « Aḥmad », un des mystérieux imams cachés entre le 7eimam Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl et le premier calife fatimide ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī. Aḥmad aurait entrepris la composition desÉpîtres, censées contenir la « vraie » philosophie telle qu’elle fut enseignée par les imams, pour contrecarrer le projet du calife abbasside al-Maʾmūn. Celui-ci est accusé de vouloir ruiner l’islam en faisant traduire en arabe des ouvrages écrits par des auteurs païens hostiles aux prophètes et aux imams. LesRasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾferaient ainsi contrepoids au mouvement de traduction gréco-arabe patronné par les Abbassides à Bagdad. Dans ma contribution, j’essaie de retracer la genèse de cette théorie en examinant les sources ismaéliennes, ṭayyibites en particulier. The identity of the authors of theRasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾand their relation with the Ismaʿili movement still are highly controversial issues. The Ṭayyibī Ismaʿilis ascribe theRasāʾil, along with theRisāla al-Jāmiʿa, to « the eminent person » (al-shakhṣ al-fāḍil), often identified with « Aḥmad », one of the mysterious hidden imams between the seventh imam Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl and the first Fatimid caliph ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī. This Aḥmad is supposed to have composed theEpistles, containing the « true » philosophy as it was taught by the imams, in order to neutralize the impious project of the Abbasid caliph al-Maʾmūn, suspected to have commissioned Arabic translations of pagan Greek books, with the sole aim of undermining Islam. TheRasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾare thus presented as a counterpart to the Greco-Arabic translation movement patronized by the Abbasids in Bagdad. In the present paper I examine the formation of this theory, based on Ismaʿili sources belonging mainly to the Ṭayyibī tradition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".