Bibliographic record
Abstract
Burmeister's porpoise (<i>Phocoena spinipinnis</i>), one of the most common small cetaceans in Peruvian waters, suffers the second highest fishing mortality. Biological data obtained from porpoises caught in gillnets off Peru from 1983 to 1989 are presented. The largest specimens are a 183cm female and a 182cm male (<i>n</i>=402), although on average, mature males are significantly (<i>p</i><0.0001) larger than females: 170.3cm (<i>n</i>=63) versus 165.5cm (<i>n</i>=56). The relationship between standard length (<i>X</i>) and body mass (<i>Y</i>) is best described by the equation log Y = -0.714 + 2.48 log <i>X</i> (<i>r</i>=0.97; <i>n</i>=123; <i>p</i><0.0001). Sexual dimorphism is statistically significant (<i>p</i><0.05 and <i>p</i><0.005) in eight cranial measurements and one meristic, but not in the condylobasal length. The correlation between condylobasal length and body length is relatively low (<i>r</i>=0.72). Sexual dimorphism in the colour pattern of the ventral field is described. A characteristic of this species is the bilateral asymmetry in the shape and extent of the flipper stripe. Minimum and average length (50%) at sexual maturity are respectively 153cm and 154.8cm in females (<i>n</i>=56) and 158cm and 159.9cm in males (<i>n</i>=63). The pregnancy rate is estimated at 0.60. Of the pregnant females, 34% were lactating. No evidence for a male seasonal reproductive cycle was found but the sample size was small (<i>n</i>=37). Periodicity in occurrence and size of foetuses and neonates suggests a gestation period of 11-12 months, with a peak of conceptions in summer. The sex ratio of foetuses and small neonates did not deviate significantly from 1:1 (chi<sup>2</sup>, <i>p</i> >0.50). Length at birth is estimated as approximately 86cm. The Burmeister's porpoise mainly feeds on fish, including <i>Engraulis ringens, Sciaena deliciosa, Anchoa</i> sp. and <i>Merluccius gayi</i>. Endoparasites found include the trematodes <i>Nasitrema globicephalae, Synthesium tursionis, Pholeter gastrophylus</i> and <i>Braunina cordiformis</i>, as well as the nematodes <i>Anisakis typica, Stenurus</i> sp., <i>Halocercus</i> sp. and <i>Pseudalius inflexus</i>. Ectoparasites recorded are <i>Isocyamus</i> sp. and <i>Xenobalanus globicipitis</i>. Paita Bay (05"s) is confirmed as the northern distribution limit of the species on the Pacific coast of South America.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.999 | 0.990 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".