Ruminant and Swine Local Anesthetic and Analgesic Techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In ruminant and swine practice, it is common to combine local anesthetics with restraint methods that may include physical and/or chemical means, to provide a cost-effective and humane alternative to general anesthesia. Local anesthetics can be infiltrated by perineural injection, infiltration at nerve endings in the skin or tissues, injection into the epidural or intrathecal space, and by injection into a peripheral vessel in combination with a tourniquet that prevents leakage into the systemic circulation. Blocks to anesthetize the flank are commonly performed in ruminants to permit intra-abdominal surgery. The abdomen, subcutaneous tissues, and skin of the abdomen can be desensitized by infiltration of local anesthetic to allow procedures such as correction of umbilical and abdominal wall hernias and a right paramedian abomasopexy to be performed. Most surgical procedures of the digit are performed in cattle using intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA), a specific nerve block or simple infiltration of local anesthetic.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".