0723 OLFACTION AND COLOR DISCRIMINATION DYSFUNCTIONS IN RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER: ASSOCIATION WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by undesirable motor activity during REM sleep. RBD patients are at high risk to develop synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Moreover, 50% of RBD patients have mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We aimed to compare performance on olfaction and color discrimination tests between RBD patients with MCI (RBD-MCI), RBD patients without MCI (RBD-nMCI) and healthy subjects. One hundred and eighty-eight participants, including 59 RBD-MCI patients, 67 RBD-nMCI patients, and 62 healthy subjects underwent a polysomnography, a neuropsychological assessment for MCI diagnosis, and a complete neurological exam. Olfaction and color discrimination were respectively measured by the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test 12 items (UPSIT-12) and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Color Vision Test (FM-100). One-way analyses of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed to assess differences between the three groups. No significant between-group difference was found for gender. RBD-MCI patients were older than RBD-nMCI patients and were less educated than both controls and RBD-nMCI patients. However, both age and education were not correlated (r< 0.30) with UPSIT-12 or FM-100 scores. When comparing the three groups, a difference was found on the UPSIT-12 (p< 0.0001) and FM-100 (p< 0.005). Post-hoc tests revealed that RBD-MCI patients performed worse than RBD-nMCI patients on both tests. Scores on the UPSIT-12 were poorer for RBD-nMCI patients than controls but were not worse on the FM-100. Olfaction and color discrimination dysfunctions in RBD are more prominent in patients with concomitant mild cognitive impairment. Our results suggest that the presence of MCI in RBD patients might be associated with a more advanced stage of neurodegeneration, with both altered sensory/perceptual and cognitive neural networks, and a higher risk to develop synucleinopathies. Canadian Institutes of Health Research and W. Garfield Weston Foundation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".