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Land-Use Change and Climate-Change Patterns of the Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia

2009· article· en· W2610609606 on OpenAlex
Muhammad Barzani Gasim, Salmijah Surif, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman, Sahibin Abd Rahim, Rahmah Elfithri, Pan Ia Lun

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueArab world geographer · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicHydrology and Watershed Management Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsDrainage basinHydrology (agriculture)Land useLongitudeGeographyClimate changePhysical geographyUrbanizationLatitudeLand use, land-use change and forestryEnvironmental scienceAgricultureAgricultural landForestryEcologyGeologyBiologyCartography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The study area is located in the southern part of the Cameron Highlands region of Malaysia, at longitude 101°20′ to 101°35′ E and latitude 4°19′ to 4°31′ N. This study was conducted to determine land-use categories, the percentage of land-use changes, and their impact on the Bertam River catchment by reference to 1984, 1995, and 2002 land-use maps. At least six categories of land use were noted during the 18-year observation period: forests (reduced by 7 615 ha from 1984 to 2002), tea farms (reduced by 657 ha), bodies of water (reduced by 61 ha), urbanization (increased by 125 ha), agriculture (increased by 2 488 ha), and neglected areas (increased by 5 719 ha). Four climatic parameters—rainfall, evaporation, temperature, and relative humidity—were analyzed, and a total of 18 hydrological sampling stations were identified along the Bertam River. The results show that the Bertam River catchment was influenced by climate patterns. The velocity and discharge of the Bertam River at the first sampling point ra...

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.505

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.215
Teacher spread0.197 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it