Effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed wheat gluten on growth performance, antioxidant status and immune function in weaned pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) on growth performance, serum antioxidant indices, immune functions, and small intestinal mucosal morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 96 weaned piglets were randomly allocated to 3 diets with 4 pens/diet and 8 piglets/pen (4 barrows and 4 gilts). The diets were basal diet (CON), basal diet supplemented with 2% wheat gluten (WG), and basal diet supplemented with 2% HWG. The experimental period was 28 d. Pigs fed HWG diet had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed efficiency, and lower (P < 0.05) diarrhea rates than those fed CON diet or WG diet. On day 28 after weaning, serum total antioxidative capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities of pigs fed the HWG diet were greater (P < 0.05) than those fed CON diet or 2% WG diet. Pigs fed HWG diet had larger (P < 0.05) spleen and abdominal nymph nodes than pigs fed CON diet or WG diet. In conclusion, dietary WG enhanced growth performance and health of weaned pigs when it was enzymatically hydrolyzed, implying peptides form of glutamine is more beneficial to the nutrient absorption.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".